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Historians Should Rely More On Archives When Engaging In Research
I have often noticed that many of the books one can buy in the history section of large bookstores are based on the works of other historians, or else on a few published primary sources, like newspaper clippings. Few of these authors venture into archives in order to uncover documents that have perhaps never been consulted by anyone before. Yet without engaging in original archival research, these books not only lack credibility, but they also contribute very little to our body of knowledge, as they simply rehash material that is already available.
 mackenzie  30 Jul 2008 13:39
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Young people from Europe would be maimed and killed. There would be much confusion on who is and is not the enemy. African children would die in the horrible mess. World opinion would not be kind especially from the Chinese who have North Africa for their Riviera. Every stumble in the campaign would be used to rouse anti-European sentiment. Many Africans would hate the Europeans for years to come.
 
 hb_26  30 Jul 2008 17:47
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Naturally the better the research the better the history understanding. Of course there's a market for everything, even lazy hack history analysis. The more superficial the research the greater their odds of spinning the story to match whatever sociopolitical bias they're trying to prove.
 
 Grenache  30 Jul 2008 16:39
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It’s always surprising and a little disturbing to see how few authors of popular history books actually take the time to engage in archival research. With an increasing amount of secondary source literature and some published primary sources available on the internet, even university libraries are being frequented far less and I feel that a sort of laziness has settled over many researchers. Yet nothing truly replaces original archival research, no matter how tedious and frustrating it can sometimes be. When you use collections deposited at national, local or thematic archives, you may very well be the first person to have ever handled a specific document and—depending on your topic-- you are likely to make discoveries that can truly shake previously held beliefs or assumptions about our past.

There is no doubt, of course, that archives can be problematic as well for the researcher. Some sensitive documents are restricted, while others have not yet been de-classified. In some cases, parts of a collection have strangely gone missing. I was working at a few archives in Eastern Europe earlier this summer on former state security agencies and espionage activity against western countries during the Cold War. I was frustrated and angered to find that key documents in a given file had been “lifted out” of the collection, had never been deposited in the first place or were destroyed. Conveniently, most of these were files detailing the activities and personal information of former agents.

Despite these frustrations, anyone who has conducted research in archives will know that there really is no substitute when writing history, regardless of the limitations. Granted, access to certain archives can sometimes be difficult, but a little patience will usually go a long way in finally receiving permission to consult material. Historians should contribute to our body of knowledge by uncovering new sources and by questioning previously held assumptions, and not simply re-hash things that have already been written by others.
 
 mackenzie  30 Jul 2008 13:39
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Ok so what your saying is that our historians should conform to what others have said without thinking "o this might be inaccurate". Your saying that we should all be closed minded conformists. Yes it is good to consult our history to help our future but we study history to prevent it in the future.
 
 Smito  31 Jul 2008 18:03
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There are too many people reading through pointless tomes trying to find some nugget of truth that will add to our understanding. For every such venture which succeeds, there are ten thousand which lead to nothing but wallowing in pointlessness.

There's nothing especially difficult about wallowing in some old diary. Anyone can do it. It's difficulty is purely logistical - going to the out-of-the way museum where the old diary is kept. What's far more rare is to find a mind that can do synthesis and pattern recognition, seeing the patterns in amongst all the noise. Particularly for popular histories, in most cases there is little point in boring people with the latest abstruse detail of what was discovered two years ago in a hitherto undiscovered cache of letters by one of Louis XIV's less favoured courtesans. It is more important to convey a sense of the ebb and flow of big events and to put them into a pattern which will make sense to the reader.

Primary research historians are ten a penny. Literally anyone with a modicum of intelligence and literacy could do that kind of journeyman history work. Big picture men, visionaries who can sift the existing data and see new patterns in it, people like Karl Marx, are as rare as gold dust. When they appear, they can change the world.

The best thing that can be said for the journeymen and historical clod-heavers, is that they provide the raw material for the visionaries to work with and eventually make sense of.
 
 Hidell  31 Jul 2008 03:24
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 In most cases, it's about a lot more than reading through a diary. The documents I've read through and copied shed new light on how people were recruited/coerced into joining state security agencies in communist East/Central Europe and these fonds also reveal the mechanism they used to gather information in the West and send it back home to their superiors. To give you one example--agents in the West were especially interested in examining ammunition depots and they sent home reports on these whenever possible. A few of them also infiltrated prominent church communities. You won't get this information in any published history book, because the documents were only de-classified around three years ago and the collection that I've looked at has never before been consulted. Some of this is being published later this year in a journal. On top of this, there's the question of "outing" prominent people in the contemporary world who served as agents of Communist state security and who have never disclosed this part of their past. Hungary's former prime minister, Peter Medgyessy, was outed in 2002, as documents in these same archives showed that he served as an agent under the pseudonym "D-209"). Famous film director Istvan Szabo ("Being Julia") was an informant as well, but this was only revealed in 2006, after a historian had sifted through the same archives. The difference between a popular historian and an academic is that the former will use these archives to out people on the pages of daily newspapers, in order to create a scandal, while academics will focus more on the broader mechanism, rather than on the individuals.
by  mackenzie
 31 Jul 2008 13:38
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